Organization and Business

Terran Orbital Corporation, formerly known as Tailwind Two Acquisition Corp. (“Tailwind Two”), together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”), is a leading manufacturer of satellite products primarily serving the aerospace and defense industries. The Company provides end-to-end satellite solutions by combining satellite design, production, launch planning, mission operations, and on-orbit support to meet the needs of its military, civil, and commercial customers. The Company has a foreign subsidiary based in Torino, Italy.

Tailwind Two Merger

Prior to March 25, 2022, Tailwind Two was a publicly listed special purpose acquisition company incorporated as a Cayman Islands exempted company. On March 25, 2022, Tailwind Two acquired Terran Orbital Operating Corporation, formerly known as Terran Orbital Corporation (“Legacy Terran Orbital”) (the “Tailwind Two Merger”). In connection with the Tailwind Two Merger, Tailwind Two filed a notice of deregistration with the Cayman Islands Registrar of Companies and filed a certificate of incorporation and a certificate of corporate domestication with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, resulting in Tailwind Two becoming a Delaware corporation and changing its name from Tailwind Two to Terran Orbital Corporation. The Tailwind Two Merger resulted in Legacy Terran Orbital becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of Terran Orbital Corporation.

As a result of the Tailwind Two Merger, all of Legacy Terran Orbital's issued and outstanding common stock was converted into shares of Terran Orbital Corporation's common stock using an exchange ratio of 27.585 shares of Terran Orbital Corporation's common stock per each share of Legacy Terran Orbital's common stock. In addition, Legacy Terran Orbital's convertible preferred stock and certain warrants were exercised and converted into shares of Legacy Terran Orbital's common stock immediately prior to the Tailwind Two Merger, and in turn, were converted into shares of Terran Orbital Corporation's common stock as a result of the Tailwind Two Merger. Further, in connection with the Tailwind Two Merger, Legacy Terran Orbital's share-based compensation plan and related share-based compensation awards were cancelled and exchanged or converted, as applicable, with a new share-based compensation plan and related share-based compensation awards of Terran Orbital Corporation. In connection with the Tailwind Two Merger, the Company entered into certain debt financing transactions that resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $23.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

While Legacy Terran Orbital became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Terran Orbital Corporation, Legacy Terran Orbital was deemed to be the acquirer in the Tailwind Two Merger for accounting purposes. Accordingly, the Tailwind Two Merger was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, in which case the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company represent a continuation of Legacy Terran Orbital and the issuance of common stock in exchange for the net assets of Tailwind Two recognized at historical cost and no recognition of goodwill or other intangible assets. Operations prior to the Tailwind Two Merger are those of Legacy Terran Orbital and all share and per-share data included in these condensed consolidated financial statements have been retrospectively adjusted to give effect to the Tailwind Two Merger. In addition, the number of shares subject to, and the exercise price of, the Company’s outstanding options and warrants were adjusted to reflect the Tailwind Two Merger. The treatment of the Tailwind Two Merger as a reverse recapitalization was based upon the pre-merger shareholders of Legacy Terran Orbital holding the majority of the voting interests of Terran Orbital Corporation, Legacy Terran Orbital's existing management team serving as the initial management team of Terran Orbital Corporation, Legacy Terran Orbital's appointment of the majority of the initial board of directors of Terran Orbital Corporation, and Legacy Terran Orbital's operations comprising the ongoing operations of the Company.

In connection with the Tailwind Two Merger, approximately $29 million of cash and marketable securities held in trust, net of redemptions by Tailwind Two's public shareholders, became available for use by the Company as well as proceeds received from the contemporaneous sale of common stock in connection with the closing of a PIPE investment with a contractual amount of $51 million (the “PIPE Investment”). In addition, the Company received additional proceeds from the issuance of debt contemporaneously with the Tailwind Two Merger. The cash raised was used for general corporate purposes, the partial paydown of debt, the payment of transaction costs and the payment of other costs directly or indirectly attributable to the Tailwind Two Merger.

Beginning on March 28, 2022, the Company's common stock and public warrants began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbols “LLAP” and “LLAP WS,” respectively.

Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein are unaudited, but in the opinion of management, they include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to summarize fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The interim results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for future interim periods or the full year. For a more comprehensive understanding of the Company and its interim results, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 23, 2023 (the “2022 Annual Report”). The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date but does not include all the footnote disclosures from the annual consolidated financial statements.

The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in U.S. dollars in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of Terran Orbital Corporation and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated. The Company’s accounting policies used in the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements do not differ from those used for the annual consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise noted. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

The Company evaluates and reports its segment information based on the manner in which its Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”), evaluates performance and allocates resources. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company reports its results as a single operating and reportable segment on a consolidated basis. Where applicable, prior periods have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the Company’s current operating and reportable segment structure.

There were no recently issued or recently adopted accounting pronouncements that had or are expected to have a material effect on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the Company to select accounting policies and make estimates that affect amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company’s estimates are based on the relevant information available at the end of each period. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or market conditions.

COVID-19 Pandemic

During March 2020, the World Health Organization (the “WHO”) declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus as a pandemic (the “COVID-19 Pandemic”). The COVID-19 Pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted global supply chains, and created significant volatility and disruption in the financial and capital markets.

The COVID-19 Pandemic has contributed to a worldwide shortage of electronic components which has resulted in longer than historically experienced lead times for such electronic components. The reduced availability to receive electronic components used in the Company’s operations has negatively affected its timing and ability to deliver products and services to customers as well as increased its costs in recent periods. In an effort to manage this disruption to its supply chain, the Company has focused on accumulating critical components to ensure an appropriate level of supply is available when needed.

The Company considered the emergence and pervasive economic impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in its assessment of its financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and certain accounting estimates as of and for the periods presented. The U.S. Government allowed the national public health emergency declaration related to the COVID-19 Pandemic to expire on May 11, 2023, and the WHO ended the global emergency status for the COVID-19 Pandemic on May 5, 2023.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the time of purchase.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Research and Development

Research and development includes materials, labor, and overhead allocations attributable to the development of new products and solutions and significant improvements to existing products and solutions. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and recognized in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Research and development expense was $5.2 million and $4.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $12.7 million and $6.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Concentration of Credit Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and contract assets.

The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are held at major financial institutions. Certain account balances exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits of $250,000 per account. As a result, there is a concentration of credit risk related to amounts in excess of the insurance limits. The Company regularly monitors the financial stability of these financial institutions and believes that there is no exposure to any significant credit risk in cash and cash equivalents.

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable and contract assets are limited because a large portion of our balances are related to (i) reputable companies with significant financial resources or (ii) customer programs in which the U.S. Government is the ultimate customer.

A small number of customers and contracts historically have represented a significant portion of the Company's consolidated revenue. Lockheed Martin Corporation (“Lockheed Martin”) represented approximately 84% and 70% of consolidated revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and 79% and 73% during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There were no other individual customers who accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue during the periods presented.